LoWrenzo

Position: Private

Joined: 2013-05-21

Stats
GM X
GM VIII
GM VI
Company statistics
Team statistics
Skirmishes statistics
Stronghold statistics
Share
Other

Overall Stats

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	11838		0		0		0
Ø Tier	5,61		0,00		0,00		0,00
Victories	5449	46,03%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	6189	52,28%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	200	1,69%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	2309	19,50%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	6150	0,52	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,65		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	14679	1,24	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	396,46		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	25848	2,18	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	5410	0,46	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	280,41		0,00		0,00		0,00
WN7	672,87		0,00		0,00		0,00
WN8	546,33		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	11838
Ø Tier	5,61
Victories	5449	46,03%
Defeats	6189	52,28%
Draws	200	1,69%
Battles survived	2309	19,50%
Tanks destroyed	6150	0,52
Destruction ratio	0,65
Tanks spotted	14679	1,24
Damage dealt	396,46
Capture points	25848	2,18
Defense points	5410	0,46
Experience	280,41
WN7	672,87
WN8	546,33

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Ø Tier	0,00
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00
WN7	0,00
WN8	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Ø Tier	0,00
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00
WN7	0,00
WN8	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Ø Tier	0,00
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00
WN7	0,00
WN8	0,00

Created at:

Last battle:

Last update:

Globalmap Absolute X

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Globalmap Champion VIII

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Globalmap Middle VI

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Company statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Team statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	10		0		0		0
Victories	8	80,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	2	20,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	5	50,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	1	0,10	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,20		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	7	0,70	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	649,30		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	23	2,30	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	533,40		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	10
Victories	8	80,00%
Defeats	2	20,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	5	50,00%
Tanks destroyed	1	0,10
Destruction ratio	0,20
Tanks spotted	7	0,70
Damage dealt	649,30
Capture points	23	2,30
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	533,40

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Skirmishes statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Stronghold defense statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

World of Tanks Profile

Anzeigen

Tanks (85)

Tank Name	Tier	Ø Damage	Ø XP	Battles	Victories	WN8
M4A3E8 Sherman	6	280,29	264	1210	45,95%	338,83
Comet	7	470,67	340	811	42,54%	520,59
Leichttraktor	1	157,12	212	804	49,13%	681,64
Tiger II	8	664,90	328	725	39,31%	515,19
IS	7	756,56	420	563	50,80%	998,98
E 75	9	955,62	426	538	44,05%	672,97
Tiger I	7	422,45	292	514	44,55%	319,26
AT 7	7	773,09	422	475	52,63%	926,97
Pz.Kpfw. IV Ausf. H	5	132,03	179	461	43,38%	97,71
T-34	5	286,17	250	430	48,37%	665,08
KV-85	6	591,32	355	399	49,12%	906,97
AT 8	6	454,27	307	282	51,06%	703,92
VK 36.01 (H)	6	219,18	226	280	41,07%	108,38
BT-2	2	123,19	175	258	51,55%	510,35
Cromwell	6	434,48	337	240	48,33%	706,43
SU-100	6	546,28	286	225	47,11%	886,56
SU-152	7	587,52	306	220	41,82%	609,41
Centurion Mk. I	8	489,07	319	207	42,03%	367,41
M7	5	70,85	159	178	37,64%	2,37
T-43	7	602,79	390	140	48,57%	860,54
Crusader	6	218,29	242	137	45,99%	439,68
SU-85	5	269,80	189	128	49,22%	457,02
Sherman Firefly	6	431,30	303	127	45,67%	652,20
Sherman III	5	298,52	256	112	45,54%	643,67
M3 Stuart	3	86,79	147	111	42,34%	116,65
T3 HMC	2	177,15	202	105	46,67%	689,67
M18 Hellcat	6	596,28	331	102	48,04%	905,68
KV-1	5	372,09	290	100	52,00%	689,77
Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. J	4	35,29	144	99	48,48%	72,76
Pz.Kpfw. 35 (t)	2	84,82	145	95	52,63%	305,40
Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. E	3	50,99	116	93	46,24%	60,09
T67	5	256,61	272	92	51,09%	420,69
AT 2	5	371,66	269	90	47,78%	813,18
T2 Medium Tank	2	78,97	137	86	41,86%	163,60
AMX 12 t	6	95,53	194	80	40,00%	28,29
AMX 40	4	51,27	145	73	42,47%	29,92
AT 15	8	662,56	382	70	42,86%	453,48
M5 Stuart	4	39,07	197	69	50,72%	96,29
T-28	4	90,27	132	67	43,28%	34,24
KV-13	7	570,00	389	66	39,39%	717,06
A-20	5	44,42	181	64	64,06%	233,48
Valentine AT	4	216,73	174	59	47,46%	568,59
AMX ELC bis	5	200,98	244	56	44,64%	467,90
M8A1	4	121,75	161	55	41,82%	58,19
Pz.Sfl. IVb	4	267,18	197	55	41,82%	750,90
Churchill I	5	455,06	310	53	52,83%	986,07
T-34-85	6	300,05	254	44	45,45%	377,61
Marder II	3	93,10	140	39	53,85%	129,82
BT-7	4	41,69	85	39	30,77%	0,00
Pz.Kpfw. II	2	92,13	144	38	34,21%	148,55
Churchill VII	6	449,32	299	38	42,11%	560,35
Wespe	3	159,29	139	38	47,37%	438,71
Matilda	4	185,64	198	36	50,00%	352,60
Vickers Medium Mk. III	3	104,33	115	30	33,33%	156,34
T-46	3	81,29	114	28	39,29%	67,84
Alecto	4	162,15	180	27	44,44%	237,91
T1 Cunningham	1	27,67	86	24	33,33%	0,74
Jagdpanzer 38(t) Hetzer	4	181,91	203	22	63,64%	406,16
Grant	4	239,85	241	20	50,00%	733,29
Stuart I-IV	3	166,72	282	18	38,89%	494,44
T-44	8	467,47	358	17	47,06%	393,26
Valentine	3	187,88	187	17	47,06%	483,72
Pz.Kpfw. I Ausf. C	3	104,76	181	17	35,29%	233,16
AMX 38	3	86,53	206	17	58,82%	280,94
Marder 38T	4	155,69	170	13	61,54%	324,60
Cruiser Mk. II	2	52,62	131	13	61,54%	193,49
KV-1S	6	538,83	386	12	66,67%	1211,67
M2 Light Tank	2	44,92	114	12	41,67%	12,43
LTP	3	172,00	166	10	40,00%	567,44
Hotchkiss H35	2	64,44	156	9	55,56%	153,05
Universal Carrier 2-pdr	2	99,25	103	8	50,00%	242,71
BT-7 artillery	3	87,86	157	7	42,86%	91,01
Cruiser Mk. III	3	176,00	211	6	66,67%	907,06
T56 GMC	3	72,50	85	6	16,67%	4,60
D1	2	61,00	97	6	33,33%	11,84
Vickers Medium Mk. I	1	85,20	122	5	20,00%	229,33
M2	2	144,75	283	4	50,00%	548,99
M2 Medium Tank	3	38,33	78	3	33,33%	0,00
Cruiser Mk. IV	4	33,00	185	2	50,00%	89,02
IS-3	8	953,50	443	2	50,00%	1050,04
Cruiser Mk. I	1	142,50	267	2	100,00%	757,67
MS-1	1	51,00	140	2	50,00%	91,06
Jagdpanther II	8	989,00	368	1	0,00%	858,28
Sturmpanzer I Bison	3	0,00	104	1	100,00%	261,00
T1E6	2	122,00	148	1	0,00%	350,23

Graphs

WN8

Anzeigen

Clan history

[RD72] Royal Dragon 72

Position: Private

Joined: 2013-05-21

LoWrenzo

Overall Stats

Globalmap Absolute X

Globalmap Champion VIII

Globalmap Middle VI

Company statistics

Team statistics

Skirmishes statistics

Stronghold defense statistics

Share

Tanks (85)

Graphs

WN8

Clan history